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Raju, N. S.
- Effect of Some Pesticides on Fungal Biomass of Agricultural Soil
Abstract Views :133 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Studies in Environmental Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006, Karnataka, IN
1 Department of Studies in Environmental Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006, Karnataka, IN
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 10, No 2 (2011), Pagination: 233-236Abstract
A study has been conducted under laboratory and field condition to determine the effects of different concentrations of different pesticides i.e., Chlorpyrifos, Dimethoate and MEMC on total number and diversity of soil fungi. Both, the laboratory and field studies revealed that all the pesticides inhibited the fungal population in soil. MEMC significantly inhibited the growth of greatest number of fungi at all the concentrations even at field application followed by Chlorpyrifos. Whereas Dimetheoate has no significant effect on soil fungi both in the laboratory and the field trial. In the field experiment, effect was reduced at 25 day after application of all the pesticides.Keywords
Pesticides, Chloropyrifos, Dimetheoate, MEMC, Soil Fungi.Full Text
- Participatory Rural Appraisal in Drylands:A Holistic Approach for Getting Insight into an Agro-Ecosystem Analysis
Abstract Views :239 |
PDF Views:108
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Saidabad, Hyderabad-500 059 (Telangana), IN
1 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Saidabad, Hyderabad-500 059 (Telangana), IN
Source
Journal of Rural Development, Vol 35, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 555-580Abstract
Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is an effective tool to understand the technology adoption profile in a cropping system, to get first-hand information about their needs, resources available, identify location-specific problems and researchable issues and ultimately to come up with tangible possible solutions drawn as an action plan. The present study was undertaken in Zamistapur (16.69N, 77.95E), Chowdarpally (16.71N, 77.94E), Telugu Gudem (16.68N, 77.94E) and Kodur Thanda (16.68N, 77.93E) villages of Mahabubnagar district, Telangana State. The PRA tools used include transect walk, agro-ecological mapping, social mapping, seasonal calendar, gender analysis, livelihood analysis, technology mapping, consequence diagram, problem-solving tree, etc. The major constraints identified were frequent droughts, soil salinity, water scarcity/groundwater availability at high depth, drinking water quality, erratic electricity supply, non-availability of labourers for agricultural activities, lack of quality germplasm of livestock, wild boar damage to crops, etc. Based on the problems identified, suitable solutions were arrived in consultation with subject matter experts and progressive farmers. There is need to address the problem of water scarcity, frequent droughts, insect and pest problems by the use of integrated watershed development, resource prioritisation and utilisation efficiency, use of IPM technologies, capacity building of farmers about relevant technologies, etc. This would certainly result in upliftment of the social status of the people as well as overall development of agriculture and rural livelihood as a whole. The researchable issues focused on the means to develop soil and water conservation plan trials on different cropping patterns/systems including rice/sorghum as main crop and short duration pulse and other vegetables so as to break the mono-cropping of rice and sorghum. Moreover, suitable extension programmes may be formulated and implemented with a problem solving approach considering the local resources and skill available within the farming community.Full Text
References
- Chambers, R., P. Arnold and L.A. Thrupp, (1989), “Farmer – First Innovation and Agricultural Technology (eds)”, Intermediate Technology Publications, London.
- Jones Carolyn, (1995), “PRA Training Handouts”, Edinburgh University, UK.
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- Mathialagan, P. (2000), “Problems of Poultry Farmers as Perceived by the Farmers, Extension Personnel and Technology Development in Tamil Nadu”, Indian J. of Animal Research, 34 (10) : 52-55.
- Rajula Shanthy,T., R. Thiagarajan, J. Vasantha Kumar and Santha Ravichandran, (2004), “Participatory Rural Appraisal for Improving Sugarcane Productivity”, J. of Ext. Edu., 15 (2&3) : 3639 – 3644.
- Rajula Shanthy, T. and R. Thiagarajan, (2008), “Participatory Rural Appraisal in Sugarcane Based Agro-ecosystem Analysis”, Indian J. of Ext. Edu.,1 (1) : 97-101.
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- Alternative Sources of Soil Organic Amendments for Sustaining Soil Health and Crop Productivity in India – Impacts, Potential Availability, Constraints and Future Strategies
Abstract Views :262 |
PDF Views:75
Authors
A. K. Indoria
1,
K. L. Sharma
1,
K. Sammi Reddy
1,
Ch. Srinivasarao
1,
K. Srinivas
1,
S. S. Balloli
1,
M. Osman
1,
G. Pratibha
1,
N. S. Raju
1
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN
1 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 11 (2018), Pagination: 2052-2062Abstract
Among the several causes, critical low soil organic matter status is predominant for decline in soil health and consequent fall in crop productivity. Over the years, availability of traditional source of soil organic amendment, viz. cattle manure drastically declined due to various reasons (domestic uses as fuel and plastering of the kachha houses). The present study highlights that there are many alternative sources of soil organic amendments available in the country which have tremendous potential to improve soil organic matter status and crop productivity, and rejuvenate and enhance the dying total factor productivity of Indian soils. Data from various sources reveal that about 300 million tonnes of alternative sources of soil organic amendments are available in the country. This study highlights that the application of alternative sources of organic amendments directly or indirectly improves soil health by influencing many soil properties (physical and chemical) and enzyme activities (biological) that regulate nutrient dynamics in the soil. Consequent upon improvement in soil environment, the application of alternative sources of soil organic amendments alone or along with recommended dose of fertilizers registered significantly higher yield in different crops across different agro-climatic conditions of the country. Composting and vermicomposting are the best strategies to convert the biomass of available alternative sources of organic amendments to plant nutrient-rich products.Keywords
Climate Change, Crop Productivity, Organic Amendments, Soil Health.Full Text
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